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Norman Gary Finkelstein (born December 8, 1953) is an American political scientist, activist, professor, and author. His primary fields of research are the Israeli–Palestinian conflict and the politics of the Holocaust, an interest motivated by the experiences of his parents who were Jewish Holocaust survivors. He is a graduate of Binghamton University and received his Ph.D in Political Science from Princeton University. He has held faculty positions at Brooklyn College, Rutgers University, Hunter College, New York University, and DePaul University where he was an assistant professor from 2001 to 2007. In 2007, after a highly publicized feud between Finkelstein and an academic opponent, Alan Dershowitz, Finkelstein's tenure bid at DePaul was denied.〔 Finkelstein was placed on administrative leave for the 2007–2008 academic year, and on September 5, 2007, he announced his resignation after coming to a settlement with the university on generally undisclosed terms. An official statement from DePaul strongly defended the decision to deny Finkelstein tenure, stated that outside influence played no role in the decision.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Joint statement of Norman Finkelstein and DePaul University on their tenure controversy and its resolution. )〕 In 2008, he was banned from entering Israel for 10 years. Finkelstein is currently teaching in the Center for Middle Eastern Studies at Sakarya University in Turkey.〔(Profile ), normanfinkelstein.com; accessed November 1, 2015.〕 ==Personal background and education== Finkelstein has written of his Jewish parents' experiences during World War II. His mother, Maryla Husyt, grew up in Warsaw, survived the Warsaw Ghetto, the Majdanek concentration camp, and two slave labor camps. Her first husband died in the war. She considered the day of her liberation as the most horrible day of her life, as she realized that she was alone, her parents and siblings gone. Norman's father, Zacharias Finkelstein, active in Hashomer Hatzair, was a survivor of both the Warsaw Ghetto and the Auschwitz concentration camp.〔 After the war they met in a displaced persons camp in Linz, Austria, and then emigrated to the United States, where his father became a factory worker and his mother a homemaker and later a bookkeeper. Finkelstein's mother was an ardent pacifist. Both his parents died in 1995.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Ha'aretz on The Holocaust Industry )〕 Of his parents, Finkelstein has recalled that 'they saw the world through the prism of the Nazi Holocaust. They were eternally indebted to the Soviet Union (to whom they attributed the defeat of the Nazis), and so anyone who was anti-Soviet they were extremely harsh on.'〔('The Making of Norman Finkelstein - Reality Asserts Itself (2/4),' ) The Real News〕 They supported the Soviet Union's approval of the creation of the State of Israel, as enunciated by Gromyko, who stated that the Jews had earned the right to a state, but thought that Israel had sold its soul to the West and 'refused to have any truck with it'.〔 Finkelstein grew up in Borough Park, then Mill Basin, both in Brooklyn, New York, where he attended James Madison High School.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Norman Finkelstein Attacks The Holocaust Industry, Etc. )〕 In his forthcoming memoir, Finkelstein recalls his strong youthful identification with the outrage that his mother, witness to the genocidal atrocities of World War II, felt at the carnage wrought by the United States in Vietnam. One childhood friend recalls his mother's "emotional investment in left-wing humanitarian causes as bordering on hysteria".〔("Is This a Man Who Sheds Light, or Simply Sets Fires?" ), New York Times, February 11, 2010.〕 He had "internalized () indignation", a trait which he admits rendered him "insufferable" when talking of the Vietnam War, and which imbued him with a "holier-than-thou" attitude at the time which he now regrets.〔 But Finkelstein regards his absorption of his mother's outlook — the refusal to put aside a sense of moral outrage in order to get on with one's life — as a virtue. Subsequently, his reading of Noam Chomsky played a seminal role in tailoring the passion bequeathed to him by his mother to the necessity of maintaining intellectual rigor in the pursuit of the truth. He completed his undergraduate studies at Binghamton University in New York in 1974, after which he studied at the ''École Pratique des Hautes Études'' in Paris. A deep admirer of Paul Sweezy, he was an ardent Maoist and was devastated by the news of the trial of the Gang of Four, an event which 'totally devastated' him, and led him to abandon Marxism–Leninism.〔(3/4 ) 'The Making of Norman Finkelstein - Reality Asserts Itself (3/4)'], YouTube.com; accessed October 31, 2015.〕 He went on to earn his Master's degree in political science from Princeton University in 1980, and later his PhD in political studies, also from Princeton. Finkelstein wrote his doctoral thesis on Zionism, and it was through this work that he first attracted controversy. Before gaining academic employment, Finkelstein was a part-time social worker with teenage dropouts in New York. He then taught successively at Rutgers University, New York University, Brooklyn College, and Hunter College and at DePaul University in Chicago. During the First Intifada he spent every summer from 1988 in the West Bank, a guest of Palestinian families in Hebron and Beit Sahour.〔(''American Radical - The Trials of Norman Finkelstein'' ), YouTube.com; accessed October 31, 2015.〕 According to ''The New York Times'' he left Hunter College in 2001, "after his teaching load and salary were reduced" by the college administration.〔 In his own recollection, he loved teaching at Hunter (1992-2000) and was 'unceremoniously kicked out of' the school after begging them to keep him on with just 2 courses a semester ($12,000 a year). Hunter set conditions that would have required him to spend 4 days a week, which he thought unacceptable.〔('The Making of Norman Finkelstein – Reality Asserts Itself (5/8),' ) Norman Finkelstein.com 15 January 2015. 11:45 minutes onward.〕 Beginning with his doctoral thesis at Princeton, Finkelstein's career has been marked by controversy. A self-described "forensic scholar", he has written sharply critical academic reviews of several prominent writers and scholars whom he accuses of misrepresenting the documentary record in order to defend Israel's policies and practices. His writings have dealt with politically charged topics such as Zionism, the demographic history of Palestine and his allegations of the existence of a "Holocaust Industry" that exploits the memory of the Holocaust to further Israeli and financial interests. Citing linguist and political activist Noam Chomsky as an example, Finkelstein notes that it is "possible to unite exacting scholarly rigor with scathing moral outrage,"〔 and supporters and detractors alike have remarked on the polemical style of Finkelstein's work. Its content has been praised by eminent historians such as Raul Hilberg and Avi Shlaim,〔 as well as Chomsky. Finkelstein has described himself as "an old-fashioned communist," in the sense that he "see() no value whatsoever in states." Before moving his shift to libertarian socialism, Finkelstein spent several years as a dedicated Maoist. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Norman Finkelstein」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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